Note how we would model Susan’s initial wondering whether Larry is bald. It involves wondering which of the possible, complete answers: ‘Larry is bald’ is true, ‘Larry is bald’ is middle, ‘Larry is bald’ is false is the correct answer to L. And once Susan learns that ‘Larry is bald’ is middle, her inquiry comes to an end. But this model cannot be applied in the case of wondering about future contingents since, once one accepts Middlism for future contingents, (NA24) is true and (NA24) is false are ruled out as possible answers to N. Just as coming to know that ‘Larry is bald’ is middle makes it inappropriate for Susan to continue to wonder whether L, coming to know that (NA24) is middle seems to make it inappropriate to continue to wonder whether N. Of course it is open to the Middlist to claim that wondering about future contingents is wholly different than wondering about vague propositions, but considering the case of vagueness suggests that wondering whether in cases of indeterminacy is plausibly understood as wondering what truth-value a given proposition has, and learning the truth-value renders further wondering inappropriate. The Middlist who insists that wondering about future contingents is appropriate would need to give this up: knowing what truth-value a proposition, p, has is compatible with wondering whether p. It is worth noting the oddity in accepting this. For a Middlist to wonder whether it will rain tomorrow is not for her to wonder whether it is true that it will rain tomorrow. She knows that it is not true that it will rain tomorrow, yet she wonders whether it will rain. Footnote 33 An utterance of ‘I know that it is not true that it will rain tomorrow and I wonder whether it will’ certainly sounds defective, but should be assertable if knowing what truth-value a future contingent has is compatible with wondering about it. Furthermore, Middlists shouldn’t hesitate to accept a bet that it is not true that it will rain tomorrow (and shouldn’t hesitate to accept a bet that it is not false that it will). One might have thought that introducing an intermediate truth-value provides a way of modelling our ignorance of future contingents, but once we recognize that ignorance and wondering are plausibly understood as ignorance and wondering about what truth-value a proposition has, we realise that introducing an intermediate truth-value undermines, rather than vindicates, our wondering about future contingents. 4.3 Supervaluationism So, on Todd’s analysis, to wonder whether the sodium-24 atom will decay in the next 24 h is to wonder whether the unique, actual future contains the decay of the sodium-24 atom. On our current framework, the question that serves as the content of my wondering whether attitude would be Does the unique actual future contain the decaying of the sodium-24 atom? Given Todd’s commitment to the nonexistence of a unique actual future, the question falsely presupposes a unique actual future. With respect to questions like this, there are two approaches available: a Russellian approach and a Strawsonian approach. Footnote 24 I will consider each and argue that both entail that if, as Todd claims, there is no unique actual future, then wondering about future contingents is inappropriate. Suppose Arthur wonders whether the present king of France is bald. Extending the Russellian analysis, the question that serves as the content of Arthur’s interrogative attitude, Is the present king of France bald?, does have a true, complete answer. Footnote 25 The true, complete answer is: There does not exist a present king of France. Footnote 26 Once Arthur learns that there is no present king of France, it is no longer appropriate for him to wonder whether the present king of France is bald. On the Russellian analysis, this inappropriateness follows from (WIN1), since learning that there is no present king of France involves learning the true, complete answer to the question. The same applies to wondering about future contingents on Todd’s account. The question that serves as the content of my wondering about (NA24) has a true, complete answer: There does not exist a unique, actual future. In embracing Todd’s account, I come to know the true, complete answer to the question that serves as the content of my wondering and so, by (WIN1), it is inappropriate for me to continue to wonder about it. Hartshorne, C. (1941). Man’s vision of god, and the logic of theism (Vol. OCLC, p. 1456831). Willett, Clark & Co. My husband and I were so excited about this baby. It was our first child together (I had a daughter from a previous marriage) and he really wanted kids. He asked me on the first date multiple times if I wanted kids! And I was excited to finally give my then 5-year-old a sibling and to have a child with the man I loved. A wave of grief and sadness hit me, my heart ached, it was gone, I would never meetthat little person I had been planning for these last 11 weeks. I would never hold them, smell their baby newness, I wouldnever know if they were a boy or girl, I would never get to see how their big sisters would be with their new sibling. We madeour way to the maternity hospital, we were put in a waiting room with other mothers to be waiting for scans.

This approach rejects bivalence for future contingents and also the Law of Excluded Middle which states that for every proposition, p, either p or not- p. This approach introduces a third truth-value that I will call middle. Future contingents like (EGGS) and (NA24) are neither true nor false, but rather middle. Assigning an intermediate truth-value to such claims is intended to capture the idea that such statements are “at the present time determined neither positively or negatively” (Łukasiewicz 1930, 53). So the Middlist rejects Premise (1) of the above argument. The lesson to be learned from future contingents is that they are neither true nor false but instead possess an intermediate truth-value. What exactly are questions? There is no general agreement on the metaphysics of questions and fortunately, exactly what questions are need not concern us. I will follow Friedman in assuming that questions are not propositions (Friedman, 2013, 150). Some take questions to be sets of propositions, where the set of propositions consists of all the possible answers to the question. Others take questions to be open propositions. Footnote 16 Thoughts of you cloud my mind during the most inconvenient times. I think of you when I’m sipping my morning coffee, wondering if you’d take cream in yours. I think of you when I’m in the shower as water is rushing down my face, wondering if I’m the reason nothing ever works out for me. I think of you when I’m alone in a crowded place, wondering if you’d proudly be walking through unknown faces with my hand in yours. On August 24, I was 16 weeks pregnant with our daughter Maya. Our lives were changed forever that day when we had to face the most unimaginable decision . . . death or death. Bourne, C. (2004). Future contingents, non-contradiction, and the law of excluded middle muddle. Analysis, 64(2), 122–128.I knew in these moments that grieving the loss of our daughter would be soul-crushing, but I had to make it home to our three babies and my husband. I had to. That’s the part of me that wishes, the part that romanticizes the past, the part that will recreate scenes from a romantic movie with you, the part of me that dreams, the part that sometimes goes against all logic and believes in the impossible, the part that will always believe in mad love. Belnap, N., Perloff, M., & Xu, M. (2001). Facing the future: Agents and choices in our indeterminist world. Oxford University Press. Todd, P., & Rabern, B. (2021). Future contingents and the logic of temporal omniscience. Noûs, 55(1), 102–127. But really I wanted to shout at them, "No actually it's not fair, it's not fair that my baby was taken, it's not fair that its little heart stopped beating. Please stop minimising my loss.

Gummy would have turned 4-years old in a few days. I wonder what he would be like. What would he would look like? I think of the life he would have had and who he would have been. He is not just a memory. He was my son. I was his mother. I was his mother from the moment I found out about him. Knowing you are carrying a life inside of you is a bond like no other. If you’ve ever lost a child, and you have no babies on this earth, you are still a mother. The world may not know it, but you do. I will always consider myself a mother of four. 3 on earth and 1 angel baby in heaven.

Part of the seriousness related to a molar pregnancy is that traces can cause a cancerous threat to the body, and certain hormone levels would need to be monitored closely as well. Complete molar pregnancies run the risks (many of which I personally endured) of life-threatening hypertension, hyperthyroidism, anemia, hemorrhage, hysterectomy, risk of cancer, and maternal death.

Elbourne, P. (2010). The existence entailments of definite descriptions. Linguistics and Philosophy, 33(1), 1–10. I usually don’t answer, because I assume the one posting the question is looking for guidance from someone older and wiser who can tell her how to know she should prevent further pregnancies, and I don’t have the answer to that. Plus, those are two different questions. Customer is responsible for ensuring that their cutting machine supports offered files in this listing. Belnap, N. D., & Steel, T. B. (1976). The logic of questions and answers. Yale University Press. Google-Books-ID: SCxuQgAACAAJ.

To the Loss Mom Whose Tears Keep Her Company Tonight

I pray no one ever has to experience a crisis pregnancy like I did, but I know someone else will, and until you do, you’ll never know the depth of the hurt and pain. Having to make unfathomable choices is the most heart-wrenching thing that can happen to a mother. So my grief leaves me in this place where I struggle between the gratitude I feel for my own life and the deep loss of our daughter. I’ll always wonder what we could have been. I’ll wonder if you could have been the one to make me fall in love again. I’ll always wonder if you’d be the one to help me complete the endless list of projects and ideas I have churning in my head. I’ll always wonder if you’d be the one who could make me appreciate how sentimental and important love is. Questions have possible answers where answers can be understood as propositions. Footnote 17 So the following are all possible answers to A: a.:

We can distinguish between true and false answers to a question. Both a and b are true answers to A, and c is a false answer to A. Furthermore, a is a true partial answer to A, whereas b is a true complete answer to A: b completely and truly answers A: it states that Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins and Buzz Aldrin flew in the Apollo 11 mission and no one else did. True, complete answers are the logically strongest true answers entailing all partial answers. Part of me will always wonder if it was truly me or if someone else was in the picture, was she an ex or a new fling? Was she my replacement or was I hers? Could she have loved you the way I wanted to?MacFarlane, J. (2008). Truth in the garden of forking paths. In M. Garcia-Carpintero & M. Kolbel (Eds.), Relative truth (pp. 81–102). Oxford University Press. Enter guilt, my thoughts in response to these words: "What is wrong with me? Why am I upset when it was early and other women are obviously able to get over it without much fuss. " If (EGGS) is now true or (EGGS) is now false, then whether Nicola will have eggs for breakfast tomorrow is now inevitable.